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reasoning

AI, ML & GenAI interview questions tagged reasoning, across every topic.

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Concepts behind "reasoning"

The curriculum that explains the ideas these questions test.

Foundational
🧠 Foundations of LLMs & GenAI
Chain-of-Thought and In-Context LearningIn-context learning is the ability to perform a task from instructions or a few examples in the prompt, with no weight updates. Chain-of-thought prompting has the model reason step by step before answering, which markedly improves multi-step problems (math, logic, multi-hop questions). The catch is that the stated reasoning is not guaranteed to mirror the model's actual computation. AI, ML, and GenAI engineer interviews probe it because it is the cheapest accuracy boost on hard tasks, and because over-trusting the visible reasoning is a real pitfall.
Foundational
🤖 Retrieval & Agents
Agents and Tool UseAn agent is an LLM in a loop that can take actions through tools: it reasons, calls a tool (search, a database, code, an API), observes the result, and loops until finished. Tool calling works because the model emits a structured request that your code executes, the model itself never runs anything. The upside is doing real work; the cost is reliability and the safety surface (an agent that can act can act wrongly). Applied-AI interviews cover it because agents are where LLMs meet real systems.
Core
🧠 Foundations of LLMs & GenAISign in
Self-Consistency, Tree-of-Thought, and Prompt ChainingThree ways to move past a single linear chain of thought: self-consistency samples many reasoning paths and votes on the answer, tree-of-thought branches and searches over partial reasoning, and prompt chaining splits one hard prompt into a sequence of focused calls. Each trades extra tokens and latency for accuracy or control. AI, ML, and GenAI engineer interviews probe this to see if you can reach for the right technique instead of reflexively spending 40 samples on every request.
Core
🤖 Retrieval & AgentsSign in
Agent Design Patterns: ReAct, Plan-and-Execute, ReflectionThese are the named control-flow architectures for LLM agents: ReAct interleaves reasoning and actions in a tight loop, plan-and-execute breaks the task down up front and then runs the steps, and reflection adds a self-critique pass that revises output. Each strikes a different balance among latency, token cost, and resilience. Applied AI interviews test this to see whether you choose a pattern from task structure rather than falling back on one loop for everything.